Friday, December 9, 2011

Bollingen Series (General)

http://press.princeton.edu/series.html

"Never before in the history of publishing has there been an author list as distinguished as that of Bollingen, nor has a publishing program had a more telling impact on the thought of its time. . . . It is safe to say that any of the titles . . . is a book of lasting value by a top scholar in his or her field, and any library . . . should acquire as many of the Bollingen books as possible."--Jean Martin, Wilson Library Bulletin

The publication of Bollingen Series was inaugurated in 1943 as a program of the Old Dominion Foundation, which Paul Mellon had founded in 1941. 

In 1945, Bollingen Foundation was formed as a separate entity, not only as the vehicle for the publication of Bollingen Series but also as a source of funds for fellowships, subventions, and institutional contributions in a variety of humanistic and scientific fields. Major grants were made particularly in the fields of poetry, archaeology, and psychology.

The Bollingen enterprise, named for the small village in Switzerland where Carl Gustav Jung, the founder of Analytical Psychology, had a private rural retreat, was established jointly by Paul Mellon and his first wife, Mary Conover Mellon. 

Their initial motive was to assure a wider audience in the English-speaking world for Jung's scientific works. In Paul Mellon's words, "The idea of the Collected Works of Jung might be considered the central core, the binding factor, not only of the Foundations' general direction but also of the ultimate intellectual temper of Bollingen Series as a whole."

The first editor of Bollingen Series was Mary Mellon. After her sudden death in 1946, John D. Barrett was editor until his retirement in 1969. During the years 1943-1960, the Series was published by Pantheon Books, Inc. of New York City. In 1961, when Pantheon Books became a division of Random House, Inc., the Foundation assumed publication, while Pantheon Books continued as distributor. In 1969 the Series was given to Princeton University Press to carry on and complete, and the Foundation became inactive.

Bollingen Series includes original contributions, translations of works previously unavailable in English, and new editions of classics. It consists of 100 numbered publications, the whole constituting more than 250 separate volumes, some in two or more parts.


After the End of Art: Contemporary Art and the Pale of History. A.C. Danto.

The Voices of Silence: Man and his Art. (Abridged from The Psychology of Art). A. Malraux; S. Gilbert, trans.


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The Bollingen Foundation was an educational foundation set up along the lines of a university press in 1945. It was named for Bollingen Tower, Carl Jung's country home in Bollingen, Switzerland. Funding was provided by Paul Mellon and his wife Mary Conover Mellon. The Foundation became inactive in 1968.

Initially the foundation was dedicated to the dissemination of Jung's work, which was a particular interest of Mary Conover Mellon.  The Bollingen Series of books that it sponsored now includes more than 250 related volumes.  The Bollingen Foundation also awarded more than 300 fellowships.   These fellowships were an important, continuing source of funding for poets like Alexis Leger and Marianne Moore, scientists like Károly Kerényi and artists like Isamu Noguchi, among many others.  The Foundation also sponsored the A.W. Mellon Lectures at the National Gallery of Art.


In 1948, the foundation donated $10,000 to the Library of Congress to be used toward a $1000 Bollingen Prize for the best poetry each year. The Library of Congress fellows, who in that year included T. S. Eliot, W. H. Auden and Conrad Aiken, gave the 1949 prize to Ezra Pound for his 1948 Pisan Cantos.  Their choice was highly controversial, in particular because of Pound's Fascist and anti-Semitic politics. Following the publication of two highly negative articles by Robert Hillyer in the Saturday Review of Literature, the United States Congress passed a resolution that effectively discontinued the involvement of the Library of Congress with the prize. The remaining funds were returned to the Foundation.

 In 1950, the Bollingen Prize was continued under the auspices of the Yale University Library, which awarded the 1950 prize to Wallace Stevens.

In 1968, the Foundation became inactive. It was largely subsumed into the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, which continued funding of the Bollingen Prize. The Bollingen Series was given to Princeton University Press to carry on and complete. Over its lifetime, the Bollingen Foundation had expended about $20 million. 

As Thomas Bender has written, "When Paul Mellon decided in 1963 to dissolve the Bollingen Foundation, he said that the founding generation was reaching the age of retirement, and it would be hard for others to maintain the original mission and standards. 

What he might have said was that the Bollingen Foundation was the work of a single generation. For two decades its concerns had been at the center of Western intellectual life, but the 1960's saw a shift in the cultural preoccupations and critical concerns of intellect in the United States and Europe."

References

McGuire, William (1982). Bollingen: An Adventure in Collecting the Past (Princeton University Press:Bollingen Series, New Jersey).

Bender, Thomas (1982). "With Love and Money,"
review of Bollingen: An Adventure in Collecting the Past in The New York Times November 14, 1982. 

Online version retrieved November 10, 2007.
 "Bollingen Series (General),"
webpage maintained by Princeton University Press. Retrieved November 10, 2007.

McGuire, pp. 311-328. McGuire gives a complete, alphabetical list of the Fellows including the year of the Fellowship and a condensed description of the project.

 "The Bollingen Prize for Poetry at Yale,"
webpage maintained by Yale University. Retrieved Nov. 9, 2007.
in Poetry's Catbird Seat (the consultantship in poetry in the English language at the Library of Congress, 1937-1987) (Library of Congress, Washington, D. C.). ISBN 0-8444-0586-8 . Online version retrieved November 10, 2007.


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